 CN ▼

English 中文



English 中文

Back up

News

Industry Information

Hongde Dynamic

Export knowledge

Home page

[Foreign Trade Little Knowledge] Let you understand the classification and form of bill of lading!

Jul 21,2023

Classification of bill of lading

Bill of Lading in Foreign Trade, A certificate issued to the consignor by the transport department when carrying goods. The consignee shall take delivery of the goods by the transport department of the one-way freight destination, and the bill of lading shall not take effect until it is signed by the carrier or the ship. It is one of the valid documents for the customs declaration of goods by sea.The following small series to give you a list of nine categories, as follows:

1, according to the bill of lading consignee's head-up points.

① BILL OF LADING (Straight B/L):A bill of lading that specifies the name of a particular person or company in the consignee (consignee) column on the bill of lading (straight). The named consignee takes delivery of the goods when he hands over an original bill of lading to the carrier or his agent. Although a named bill of lading is a document of rights, it is not negotiable. In China, registered bills of lading are not transferable.

The name bill of lading is not widely used in international maritime trade, generally only in the transport of personal belongings, exhibits. (The first TT consignee is directly the name of the customer, not aware of the potential danger: in the absence of collection protection, must not do a named bill of lading.)

In many countries, the consignee of a named bill of lading can take delivery of the goods without the bill of lading, so the bill of lading has effectively lost the right to control the goods. Just like an air waybill, the consignee can pick up the goods as long as he has proof of identity. Even if the letter of credit is settled, the issuing bank is not willing to accept the bill of lading, so the general letter of credit is stipulated as: TO ORDER such a blank head-up bill of lading, thus to control and control the right of goods.

Therefore, it is not only one-sided to remember the non-transferable characteristics of the named bill of lading, but also to remember that "the consignee of the named bill of lading can take delivery of the goods without the bill of lading, so the bill of lading has actually lost the role of the right of goods." This is a crucial point! The concept must remember to be comprehensive, so as not to bring errors and losses to the work. Therefore, if only 30% of the purchase price is collected, and it is the post-T/T 70% collection method, and the designated consignee bill of lading, that is, the named bill of lading, once the customer's reputation is not good and does not pay, it is possible to encounter the situation of empty money and goods. Of course, if you have confidence in the customer and are sure of the collection, it is another matter.

②不记名提单（Bearer B/L，or Open B/L，or Blank B/L）： That is, the name of the consignee of the bill of lading is not listed in the column. Such bills of lading can be transferred without endorsement, and the carrier's voucher is released. The bill of lading that does not specify the name of the consignee on the bearer bill of lading, who holds the bill of lading, who can pick up the goods by the one-way carrier, the carrier delivery is not based on the bill of lading. The bill of lading indicates in the consignee column: To the order.That is, any holder of the bill of lading has the right to take delivery of the goods. Is a bill of lading that points to the delivery of the goods by the person who is the holder of the bill of lading. If the bill of lading 1, clearly indicates that it is a bearer bill of lading. Bearer bills of lading are transferable without endorsement.

③ Order B/L: That is, a bill of lading that delivers the goods in accordance with the instructions of the person specified in the bill of lading. It is a bill of lading commonly used in current international trade.Refers to the bill of lading on the consignee column contains "with instructions"(to Order) or "with someone's instructions"(to the Order of) the words of the bill of lading. The former is called a bearer instruction bill of lading, and the carrier shall deliver the goods in accordance with the shipper's instructions, while the latter is called a named instruction bill of lading, and the carrier delivers the goods in accordance with the instructions of the named instruction person.

1, by bank instructions. That is, the consignee column of the bill of lading is filled in as "to the order of xx Bank".

2, with the consignee's instructions. That is, the consignee column of the bill of lading is filled with "to the order of A. B .C. Co. Ltd".

3, with the shipper's instructions. That is, the consignee of the bill of lading is filled in as "to the order of shipper" and is endorsed by the shipper in a blank on the back of the bill of lading. Such a bill of lading may also be endorsed in accordance with the provisions of the letter of credit. The consignee may also not endorse, in which case only the shipper may take delivery of the goods, I .e. the seller retains ownership of the goods.

The so-called no-bill of lading refers to the carrier's failure to deliver the goods on the basis of the original bill of lading.

At present, for the instruction bill of lading and the bearer bill of lading, the carrier must release the goods on the basis of the original bill of lading, the carrier does not release the goods on the basis of the original bill of lading, regardless of the party to which the goods are released, the legal holder of the original bill of lading may hold the carrier liable for breach of contract without single release. This point is unified in China's maritime judicial practice. However, in the case of a named bill of lading, if the carrier does not deliver the goods to a named person with the original bill of lading, can the legal holder of the named bill of lading claim liability for breach of contract to the carrier? At present, there is a negative tendency in theory and practice.

In summary, the domestic cargo owners should be fully aware of the danger of the name bill of lading, the trade buyer's request for the issuance of the name bill of lading as the consignee can not be arbitrarily promised, to ensure that in the case of the settlement of foreign exchange by means of letters of credit and other means blocked, the carrier without a bill of lading to pursue its liability for breach of contract.

2, according to whether the goods have been shipped.

① On board bill of lading (Shipped B/L,or On Board B/L):: means a bill of lading issued to the shipper by the carrier or its authorized agent on the basis of the first mate's receipt after the goods have been loaded on board the ship. If the carrier issues a bill of lading on board, it confirms that he has loaded the goods on board.

② Receiving bill of lading for shipment (Received for Shipment B/L): A bill of lading issued by the carrier at the request of the shipper when it receives the goods from the shipper but has not yet been loaded.

3, according to the bill of lading with or without annotations.

① Clean B/L:Refers to the bill of lading in which the goods were in good appearance at the time of shipment and the carrier did not add any damage to the goods, poor packaging or other obstacles to the settlement of the bill of lading.

② Unclean Bill of Lading (Unclean B/L or Foul B/L):An unclean bill of lading (Unclean B/L or foul B/L) is a bill of lading in which the carrier has annotated the bill of lading with the goods and packaging in poor condition or defective, such as moisture, oil stains, defacement, rust, etc.

4. According to different modes of transportation

① Direct Bill of Lading (Direct B/L): Refers to a bill of lading issued after the goods are loaded from the port of loading and are unloaded directly to the port of discharge without a change of ship.

② Transshipment Bill of Lading (Transhipment B/L): Refers to the full bill of lading issued by the carrier at the port of shipment for the goods to reach the port of destination.

③ Through bill of lading (Through B/L): Refers to goods that are subject to two or more modes of transport (sea and land, sea and river, sea and air, sea and sea, etc.), and the first carrier (the carrier of the first ship) collects the full freight and issues a bill of lading to the port of destination at the place of shipment. Although the intermodal bill of lading includes the entire carriage, the carrier issuing the bill of lading is only responsible for the damage incurred during the voyage of its own carriage, which is of the same nature as the trans-shipment bill of lading.

④多式联运提单（MultimodaL Transport B/L or Intermodal Transport B/L）: Refers to the bill of lading signed for the whole transport of goods by sea, inland river, railway, road, air and other two or more modes of transport.

5, according to the contents of the bill of lading simple division.

① Full Bill of Lading (Long Form B/L): In contrast to the simple bill of lading, it refers to the bill of lading, except for the matters recorded in the form of the bill of lading printed on the front, and the bill of lading with detailed provisions on the rights and obligations between the carrier and the shipper and the consignee. Because of the many terms, it is also called "complex bill of lading".

②简式提单（Short Form B/L，or Simple B/L）: Also known as short-form bill of lading, short-form bill of lading, is relative to the full-form bill of lading, refers to the back of the bill of lading without detailed provisions on the rights and obligations between the carrier and the shipper and consignee.

6, according to the time of issuance of bills of lading.

① Anti-dated B/L: Refers to a bill of lading issued by the carrier at the request of the shipper after the shipment of the goods is shipped, and the date of the bill of lading is earlier than the actual date of shipment.

② Post-date B/L: Refers to the goods after shipment. The carrier or the ship's agent shall, at the request of the owner of the goods, take the bill of lading as the date of issue of the bill of lading later than the date on which the goods are actually loaded.

③ Advance bill of lading (Advanced B/L): Refers to the shipping bill of lading issued in advance by the carrier or its agent at the request of the shipper if the shipper fails to prepare the goods in time or has not yet been loaded, or if the ship fails to arrive at the port of shipment for the reasons of the shipping company. All liability arising from the advance borrowing of the bill of lading shall be borne by the issuer of the bill of lading.

④ Overdue Bill of Lading (Stale B/L): Refers to the exporter's failure to arrive at the bank in time after obtaining the bill of lading, or the formation of an expired bill of lading after the bank's prescribed delivery period, also known as a bill of lading.

7. Divided by charging method

① Freight Prepaid Bill of Lading (Freight Prepaid B/L): The CIF and CFR conditions in the transaction price are freight prepaid, and the freight must be prepaid when the goods are shipped according to the regulations. Bill of lading issued in case of freight prepaid

Bill of lading (Freihgt to Collect B/L): Refers to a bill of lading indicating that the freight is paid by the consignee at the port of destination, and the bill of lading indicates that the freight is paid, otherwise it cannot be opposed to the consignee.

③ Minimum freight bill of lading (Minimum B/L): Refers to a bill of lading issued at a minimum rate of freight for the goods on each bill of lading.

8, according to the different division of bills of lading issued.

① Bill of lading issued by shipping company: Usually a bill of lading is issued for the whole container.

② Bill of lading issued by a non-ship carrier (NVOCC B/L): A bill of lading issued by a freight forwarding company or logistics company as a carrier and a contract for the carriage of goods with the consignor.

9. Special bill of lading

① Consolidated Bill of Lading (Omnibus B/L): A bill of lading that combines different types of goods on the same bill of lading at the request of the shipper.

② Bill of Lading (Combined B/L): Refers to two or more batches of the same variety, quality, port of loading and port of discharge, but the liquid bulk goods belonging to different consignees and loaded in the same liquid cargo tank for each batch of goods issued by the consignee, which is stamped with the 'terms and package' seal of the bill of lading.

③ Sub-bill of lading (Separate B/L): Refers to a bill of lading issued separately by subdividing the same batch of goods on a loading note into more than two batches.

④ Exchange Bill of Lading (Switch B/L): Refers to another set of bills of lading issued on the basis of the original bill of lading. Under the condition of direct carriage, at the request of the shipper, the carrier undertakes to issue a separate set of bills of lading issued at the port of departure at an agreed halfway port.

⑤ On Deck B/L: Also known as deck bill of lading. This refers to the bill of lading when the goods are shipped on the open deck and marked on the bill of lading with the words "On Deck"(On Deck).

⑥ Parcel Bill of Lading (Parcel Receipt B/L): A bill of lading issued for goods consigned in the form of a parcel. This is a bill of lading set by the carrier according to the special needs of trade, and the weight shall not exceed 45kg.

⑦ Container Bill of Lading (Container B/L): means a bill of lading issued for a shipping container. It is the main freight document under container cargo transportation, and the operator or his agent responsible for container transportation is issued to the shipper's bill of lading after receiving the container goods.

Form of issuance of bill of lading

1. Power release: The original "Electric Release Guarantee" is required ".

A letter of guarantee is to issue a statement that this batch of goods what things to put to your customer, and then stamped with the official seal below, passed to the freight forwarder, the rest do not have to worry about. (Of course, the premise of electric release is safe collection! Generally, the electric release is only after receiving the money before TT), the bill of lading is confirmed and shipped, waiting for the freight forwarder to send back the copy of the bill of lading, and then pass it to the customer.

2. Sub-order:3-4 days after the ship (when the customer in our and other factories ordered the same cabinet, for the sake of convenience and safety, can be divided into bills of lading, each sent to the customer in the past.)

3. and single: Ibid.

4. Release orders in different places:With the consent of the shipping company.

Packing condition

1. Door to Door:It is to order a cabin to the freight forwarder, make an appointment, and then the freight forwarder will send a convoy to your factory, or a designated place to load the goods, and then return to the port.

2. Interior:Refers to the factory directly to the freight forwarding warehouse, and then they help you pull into the port area, the owner has no right to directly into the port area.

Withdrawal of strike notice! Port operations still need time to resume, foreign trade delivery attention →

[Foreign Trade Little Knowledge] How many of these "bills of lading" do you know?

Recommend

Hongde International | Iran Railway LCL Service, 1CBM Minimum Shipment, Ideal for Small Cargo

No Panic for Fast Fashion Seasonal Changes! US Air Freight + Express Door-to-Door, 1-2 Working Days Delivery

Make global trade unimpeded

COOKIES

Our website uses cookies and similar technologies to personalize the advertising shown to you and to help you get the best experience on our website. For more information, see our Privacy & Cookie Policy

COOKIES

required

These cookies are necessary for basic functions such as payment. Standard cookies cannot be turned off and do not store any of your information.

analyze

These cookies collect information, such as how many people are using our site or which pages are popular, to help us improve the customer experience. Turning these cookies off will mean we can't collect information to improve your experience.

Feature

These cookies enable the website to provide enhanced functionality and personalization. They may be set by us or by third-party providers whose services we have added to our pages. If you do not allow these cookies, some or all of these services may not function properly.

advertise

These cookies help us understand what you are interested in so that we can show you relevant advertising on other websites. Turning these cookies off will mean we are unable to show you any personalized advertising.

Contact Phone

18027165010

Address:

5/F, Building 22, Youli Electric Business Park, 199 Guangming South Road, Shiqiao Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou City